常规参与向应急协同的延展--防汛救灾背景下社会组织的社区行动及其启示

Extension From Routine Participation to Emergency Coordination--Community Actions of Social Organizations Under the Background of Flood Control and Disaster Relief and the Enlightenment

面对汛情,广大社会组织积极参与基层社区的应急救灾,发挥了积极功能。社会组织参与社区应急管理,既不是常态化的项目委托导致,也不是专门的社区应急参与机制促动,而是“常规参与”向“应急协同”的延展,彰显了社区治理的韧性。韧性之所以能够生成,是因为国家与社会的良性合作关系,为社会组织的社区参与提供了环境支撑;社会组织已成为社区的常备结构,为应急行动提供了组织载体;多元协同的社区治理机制,为应急管理时的协同联动提供了制度条件;常规参与增进了社会组织与其他主体的互信互赖,为协同应急提供了心理基础。社会组织的应急参与仍面临一些制约,需进一步培育发展社区社会组织,健全社区协同联动机制,加强社会组织能力建设。

In the face of the flood situation,the majority of social organizations actively participate in the grass-roots community emergency relief and played a positive role.The participation of social organizations in community emergency management is neither the result of normal project delegation nor the promotion of special community emergency response participation mechanism,but the extension of“routine participa-tion”to“emergency coordination”,which highlights the resilience of community governance.Resilience can be generated because the benign cooperative relationship between the state and society provides environmental support for the community participation of social organizations.Social organizations have become the standing structure of the community and provide an organizational carrier for emergency action.The multi coordinated community governance mechanism provides institutional conditions for the coordination and linkage in emergency management.Regular participation enhances the mutual trust and interdependence between social organizations and other subjects,and provides a psychologi-cal basis for collaborative emergency response.The emergency participation of social organizations still faces some constraints.It is necessary to further cultivate and develop community social organizations,improve community coordination and linkage mechanism,and strengthen the ca-pacitybuilding of social organizations.