从鲍特凯维兹到A体系——转形问题再研究

From Bortkiewicz to A System:Re—study on Transformation

不断完善中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系的重大历史任务需要我们对马克思转形理论进行深入研究。自马克思转形理论提出以来,转形问题历来为国内外马克思经济学者所关注,各种转形模型与争论层出不穷。在对已有转形问题争论文献梳理和总结的基础上,本文在三个方面进行了理论新探索:一是,在详细分析鲍特凯维兹转形模型的基础上引入了转形前后总价值等于总生产价格和总剥削率不变的“不变性条件”;二是,在转形A体系中严格证明了两个“不变性条件”,并提出了马克思转形算法成立的充分条件;三是考察了对A体系中引入实物工资向量的批评意见,并给出本文的看法。

The great historical task of improving the theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics requires us to make an in-depth study of Marx’s transformation theory.Since such theory was put forward,the transformation problem has always been focused by Marxist economists at home and abroad,and various transformation models as well as debates have emerged one after another.Based on the debate of the existing literature on transformation,a new theoretical exploration is made in three aspects according to the summary of the previous discussions.First,based on a detailed analysis of Bortkiewicz’s transformation model,the"invariance condition"is introduced,the content of which is that the total value before and after transformation is equal to the total production price,and the total rate of exploitation is unchanged.Secondly,two"invariance conditions"are strictly proved in the transformation A system,and the sufficient conditions for the establishment of Marx’s transformation algorithm are put forward.Thirdly,the criticism of introducing the vector of wages and salaries in kind into the A system is examined,with author’s views.