基于GPU加速的椎弓根钉置入手术虚拟仿真技术研究

Virtual Simulation of Pedicle Screw Placement Based on GPU Acceleration

椎弓根钉置钉虚拟手术仿真训练系统均有着计算复杂度高、视觉和触觉刷新率低、操作性差的问题进而导致手术训练效果差。针对该问题搭建了一套基于Graphic Processing Unit(GPU)加速的椎弓根钉置入虚拟手术仿真系统。首先通过使用混合数据模型实现对脊柱的三维重建;其次利用碰撞检测、力反馈计算和体素消除等技术完成手术虚拟仿真系统的搭建;最后将GPU的并行处理框架应用于系统仿真模拟中,提高系统的实时性。对比实验结果表明:在未经GPU加速虚拟仿真系统中,视觉刷新率为10 Hz左右,触觉刷新率为50 Hz左右,采用GPU加速技术,视觉刷新率基本稳定在80 Hz左右,提升了70%,触觉刷新率达到600 Hz左右,性能得到极大的提升,即使用GPU加速的虚拟手术系统能够大大缩短触觉线程与视觉线程的计算时间,提高刷新率,进而提高系统的可操作性。

The virtual surgery simulation training system of pedicle screw placement has the problems of high computational difficulty,low visual and tactile refresh rate and poor operability,which leads to poor effect of surgical training.In order to solve this problem,a virtual surgery simulation system of pedicle screw placement based on Graphic Processing Unit(GPU)acceleration is built in this paper.Firstly,the hybrid data model is used to reconstruct the spine.Secondly,collision detection,force feedback calculation and voxel elimination are used to build the virtual simulation system.Finally,the parallel processing framework of GPU is applied to the system simulation to improve the real-time performance of the system.The results of comparative experiments show that:In the conventional virtual simulation system,the visual refresh rate is about 10 Hz,and the tactile refresh rate is about 50 Hz.In this paper,GPU acceleration technology is used,the visual refresh rate is basically stable at 80 Hz,which is increased by 70%,and the tactile refresh rate is about 600 Hz,which greatly improves the performance,In other words,GPU accelerated virtual surgery system can greatly shorten the computing time of tactile and visual threads,improve the refresh rate,and then improve the operability of the system.