基于离散选择实验的护理硕士专业学位研究生对临床带教的偏好研究

The clinical teaching preference of master of nursing specialist based on discrete choice experiment

目的通过离散选择实验探究护理硕士专业学位研究生对临床带教的偏好,包括临床带教教师和临床实践方案两方面。方法采用离散选择实验,通过文献回顾、访谈和专家咨询确定护理硕士专业学位研究生对临床带教偏好的属性和水平,并基于此设计调查问卷。在全国范围内对281名护理硕士专业学位研究生进行问卷调查,应用条件Logit模型进行分析。结果纳入研究的6个属性(带教教师的学历、带教教师的工作经验、带教方式、带教形式、文献讨论、补充知识的学习形式)对护理硕士专业学位研究生临床带教偏好均有影响(P<0.05)。最理想的带教方案是跟随有10年及以上工作经验且学历至少为硕士的带教教师学习,由其进行一对一的指导,2周讨论1次文献,且通过教学查房来补充临床知识。结论离散选择实验结果表明,护理硕士专业学位研究生希望由高学历的教师来进行临床带教,并在带教过程中注重科研能力的培养。在制订带教方案时,要考虑学生的工作经验以及教学医院的实际条件,尽可能地满足护理硕士专业学位研究生的偏好,提升教学质量。

Objective To explore the preference of master of nursing specialist to clinical teaching through discrete selection experiment,including clinical teaching instructors and clinical practice programs.Methods The attributes and level of preference for clinical teaching were determined through literature review,interviews and expert consultations and a questionnaire was also developed.A total of 281 master of nursing specialists in China were surveyed by the questionnaire,and the conditional Logit model was used for data analysis.Results All the 6 clinical teaching attributes(educational background of instructors,working experience of instructors,teaching method,teaching style,literature discussion,and the learning form of supplementary knowledge)could have impacts on students’preference for clinical teaching(P<0.05).The most ideal teaching is to study with a instructor who has more than 10 years of working experience and at least a master’s degree.Besides,one-to-one guidance,literature discussion once every two weeks,and increasing the clinical knowledge by nursing rounds were all preferred by students.Conclusion The discrete choice experiment showed that the master of nursing specialists hope to be taught by teachers with a high degree.They also expect instructors pay more attention to the cultivation of scientific research ability.When a teaching plan is developed,it is necessary to consider students’working experience and the conditions of the teaching hospital.The preferences of students should be taken into consideration as far as possible to improve the quality of teaching.