摘要
青海木里矿区经露天开采后,破坏了原有植被和较薄的土壤,脆弱的生态环境遭受严重破坏。为了尽快改善这一问题,实施了新一轮的复绿工程。根据木里矿区现有条件,围绕种草目标,提出了"七步法"种草技术流程:(1)将通过筛选的渣土或就地翻耕捡石改良成厚度为25cm的人工再造土壤基质层(覆土层);(2)修建排水沟,构建排水系统;(3)把每亩用量33m3的羊板粪和平地每亩用量750kg、坡地每亩用量1000kg的有机肥与厚度15cm人工再造土壤基质层采用圆盘耙充分拌和,形成人工再造土壤层;(4)在人工再造土壤层表面撒施与之前相同重量的有机肥;(5)播种;(6)耙耱镇压;(7)铺设无纺布。"七步法"种草技术简化了种草工序,便于施工人员快速掌握和操作,保障了种草质量,降低了成本,节省种草时间,在木里矿区得到了推广,为种草复绿工程按时顺利完成起到了重要的科技支撑作用。
After surface coal mining in the Muri mining area, Qinghai, original vegetation and thin soil have been damaged, and fragile entironment seriously destructed. To rehabilitate the issue as early as possible has carried out a new round revirescence project. According to grass planting available conditions in Muri mining area, considering the object has proposed "seven-step" grass planting technical procedures: 1) bringing screened ore-waste or on the spot ploughed up stone removed waste into 25 cm thick artificial reconstituted soil matrix(covering soil);2) excavating drainage ditches to build water drainage system;3) putting sheep dung 33 m3 per mu and organic fertilizer 750 kg per mu(for level ground), 1000 kg per mu(for slope ground) on 15 cm thick artificial reconstituted soil matrix through rounded harrow fully blended, thus formed artificial reconstituted soil layer;4) on the artificial reconstituted soil layer surface bestrewing with same preceding weight of organic fertilizer;5) sowing seeds;6) harro w and basketry rake leveling and compacting;7) covering with non-woven fabrics. The method has simplified grass planting procedures,convenient for operator quick grasp and operation,ensuring grass planting quality,lowering down cost and saving time. The method has been popularized in Muri mining area,and played a significant role in grass planting and revirescence project completed on time and smoothly.
作者
李永红
李希来
唐俊伟
贾顺斌
张强骅
王明宏
李潇
杨启鹏
王佟
Li Yonghong;Li Xilai;Tang Junwei;Jia Shunbin;Zhang Qianghua;Wang Minghong;Li Xiao;Yang Qipeng;Wang Tong(Qinghai Bureau of Coal Geology,Xining,Qinghai 810001;Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016;Qinghai Provincial Grassland Management Station,Xining,Qinghai 810008;No.105 Exploration Team,Qinghai Bureau of Coal Geology,Xining,Qinghai 810007;China National Administration of Coal Geology,Beijing 100038)
出处
《中国煤炭地质》
2021年第7期57-60,共4页
Coal Geology of China
基金
青海省木里矿区以及祁连山南麓青海片区生态环境综合整治:木里矿区生态整治项目
中国煤炭地质总局“高原高寒地区煤炭生态地质勘查与矿山生态修复技术研究”(中煤地办科技2020-88号)
国家自然科学基金项目(41867073)
国家自然科学基金项目(41867073)
中央财政林草科技推广示范项目“木里煤田植被恢复及其稳定性调控技术与示范(青[2021]TG01号)”
高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(D18013)项目。
关键词
木里高寒矿区
渣土改造
人工再造土壤
“七步法”种草技术
frigid zone Muri mining area
ore-waste reconstitution
artificial reconstituted soil
"seven-step"grass planting technology