N-烷基-β-氨基丙酸的制备及泡沫性能研究

Preparation and Foaming Properties of N-Alkyl-βAminopropionic Acid

研究以丙烯腈与脂肪伯胺为原料,配比为1∶1.1,通过两步反应合成N-烷基-β-氨基丙酸(HA),并采用Paragon-1000型红外光谱仪进行了结构表征分析。选用两性发泡剂HA、阴离子发泡剂ABS、非离子发泡剂AEO、阳离子发泡剂CTAB,与两性发泡剂HA进行了泡沫性能对比。对HA进行了耐温、抗盐、抗钙性能及稳定性能评价。实验表明,HA的发泡能力随温度变化不明显,在25℃附近,半衰期最长为14 min,泡沫稳定性最好;在pH<3和pH>7时,发泡体积大于540 mL,半衰期大于5.5 min,泡沫性能远高于pH为3-7时;随着盐度的升高,泡沫体积在720 mL附近变化,半衰期持续延长至10 min,抗盐性较好;随着Ca^(2+)浓度的升高,泡沫体积由700 mL下降至380 mL,但半衰期由7.5 min上升至17 min,泡沫稳定性上升,可以满足泡沫流体井下作业使用。

N-alkyl-β-aminopropionic acid(HA)was synthesized from acrylonitrile and aliphatic primary amine in a ratio of 1:1.1.The structure of HA was characterized by paragon-1000 infrared spectrometer.The foaming properties of HA,anionic foaming agent ABS,nonionic foaming agent AEO and cationic foaming agent CTAB were selected.HA with better foam performance was selected to evaluate the properties of temperature resistance,salt resistance,calcium resistance and stability.The experimental results show that the foaming power of HA is not obvious with temperature.At 25℃,the maximum half-life is 14 min,and the foam stability is the best.When pH<3 and pH>7,the foaming volume is larger than 540 mL,the half-life is greater than 5.5 min,the foam performance is much higher than pH=3-7,and the volume of foam changes near 720 mL with the increase of salinity.The half-life continued to extend to 10 min,and the salt resistance was good.With the increase of Ca2+concentration,the volume of foam decreased from 700 mL to 380 mL,but the half-life increased from 7.5 min to 17 min,and the foam stability increased,which could meet the downhole operation of foam fluid.