论明刊《三国志演义》中的少数民族收继婚风俗

The Custom of Levirate in The Romance of The Three Kingdoms Published in Ming Dynasty

明代刊行的《三国志演义》中存有少数民族收继婚风俗,此现象源自刊行者所称的古本。具体而言,孙权收继大乔属于平辈的收继婚形式,在二十卷本的建本系统保存较为完整,而嘉靖本为代表的二十四卷本系统有所改变。从元代三国杂剧、小说《三国志平话》,再到明代诸刊本《三国志演义》对该情节的因袭衍化,说明三国故事受到少数民族收继婚风俗的影响。这一风俗在嘉靖本《三国志演义》被部分改动后,最终在毛宗岗批评本中彻底消失,由此变得更符合儒家伦理道德观念。

In The Romance of the Three Kingdoms published in the Ming Dynasty,the custom of levirate originated from the ancient edition that claimed by the publishers.Specifically speaking,Sun Quan married his sister-in-law Daqiao,which belonged to the form of the same generation's levirate system.It is well preserved in the 20-volume system,while the 24-volume system represented by Jiajing edition has been changed.From the Zaju of the Three Kingdoms in the Yuan Dynasty,Pinghua of the Three Kingdoms to the novel of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms published in the Ming Dynasty,it is shown that the stories of the three kingdoms are influenced by the levirate customs of the ethnic minorities.This custom was partially changed in the Jiajing edition and eventually disappeared in Mao Zonggang's critical edition,thus becoming more in line with the Confucian moral principles and concepts.