《诗经》征役之歌的礼义与乐义

Ritual Consciousness and Moral Meaning of Music in the Songs of Tax and Corvee(in Chinese“Yaoyi”)In The Book of Songs

祃祭、祖道和陟祭为两周征役中所进行的土地祭祀之礼,祃祭用于王或天子军征前对所征之地的祭祀,祖道为军队出征时对先祖、道路进行祭祀,陟祭为经行高山时所行的望祀之礼。这些礼仪的诸多细节隐藏于《诗经》及其他早期文本中,汉儒不详其制,注疏有所抵牾,可考辨其制度,并分析相关诗作的礼义与乐义。

Maji(The sacrificial ceremony held by the army at the place where they stopped during the ancient war),Zudao(Sacrifice to the god of roads for travelers,and drink a banquet for farewell)and Zhiji(Sacrifices for climbing hill)were significant rituals of land sacrifice during Tax and Corvee Operation in the Zhou dynasty.Maji is used for sacrifices to the land before the expedition of the king or the emperor's army.Zudao refers to the sacrificial ceremony to ancestors and roads before the army's expedition.Zhiji is the ceremony of Wangji performed when traveling through the tall mountains.Many details of the etiquette are hidden,in the Book of Songs and other early texts.There are some contradictory comments,because the Confucian scholars don't know these systems.So we can study the system and analyze the rites and music in relevant poems.