电解多维对大黄鱼仔稚鱼尾部骨骼发育的致畸性初探

Primary study on teratogenicity of electrolytic multivitamin on caudal skeletal ontogeny of Larimichthys crocea larvae

为研究电解多维对仔稚鱼期大黄鱼尾部骨骼发育的致畸性,在水温(25±0.5)℃条件下,以3d大黄鱼初孵仔稚鱼为实验对象,设置3个实验组和1个对照组,每组2个重复。实验组1泼洒电解多维起止时间为孵化后3~10d,实验组2泼洒电解多维起止时间为孵化后20~27d,以实验水体体积和每日换水量计算电解多维的投入量,维持养殖水体的浓度为5.0 mg·L^(-1);实验组3在大黄鱼孵化后20~27d拌料投喂电解多维(每天摄入量占仔稚鱼体质量的比重为30mg·kg^(-1)),对照组不泼洒不投喂电解多维。结果显示:实验组1中100%的仔稚鱼尾部外形分化受到抑制,尾柄形状因子减小、面积减小,其外形表现为尾部骨骼畸形,臀鳍、尾鳍无法发育,尾部外形趋向于圆形;10d后实验组1停止泼洒电解多维,但畸变不可逆。实验组2、实验组3和对照组仔稚鱼均未发现畸形。说明电解多维对大黄鱼仔稚鱼期尾部骨骼发育有强致畸性,而在孵化后20d使用电解多维对大黄鱼尾部骨骼发育无显著性影响,因此,不建议大黄鱼育苗生产时的仔稚鱼阶段使用电解多维。

In order to study the teratogenicity of electrolytic multivitamin on the caudal skeletal ontogeny of L.crocea larvae,under the condition of water temperature(25±0.5)℃,we chose the 3 dph Larimichthys crocea larvae as experimental objects,set up 3 experimental groups and 1 control group,2 repeats per group,100 thousand larvae per repeat.The experimental stage of experimental group 1 was 3-10 dph,and the experimental period of experimental group 2 was 20-27 dph,we estimated electrolytic multivitamin inputs with experimental water volume and daily water exchange,keeping the concentrations of electrolytic multivitamins in aquaculture water at 5.0 mg·L^(-1).The experimental period of experimental group 3 was 20-27 dph,the oral electrolytic multivitamin(the ratio of daily intake to body mass of larvae was 30 mg·kg^(-1))was maintained,the control group did not sprinkle or feed electrolysis multivitamin.The results showed that 100%of appearance differentiation in experimental group 1 was inhibited,the shape factor of caudal shank decreased and the area decreased,the caudal skeletons was deformed,the anal fin and caudal fin could not develop,and the caudal shape tended to be round,the experimental group 1 stopped sprinkling electrolytic multivitamin after 10 dph,but the distortion was irreversible.No deformities were found in experimental group 2,experimental group 3 or control group.The results showed that electrolytic multivitamin had strong teratogenic effect on caudal skeleton ontogeny of L.crocea larvae,but there was no significant effect on the caudal skeleton development of 20 dph L.crocea larvae.Therefore,it is not recommended to use electrolytic multivitamin in the stage of larval fish seedling production of L.crocea.