中国古典哲学中的非演绎论证

Non-Deductive Argumentation in Classical Chinese Philosophy

对作为一种哲学文献的奇闻轶事(anecdotes)的强烈兴趣从战国至少一直持续到六朝,这种兴趣可以被理解为大多数中国古典哲学思维的非演绎本质的副产品。一个由来已久的对中国思想的批评是它并不在真正意义上是“哲学的”,因为它缺少可行的论辩规则。^(①)因此,中国哲学至多只能被称为是“智慧”。

One longstanding criticism of Chinese thought is that is not truly“philosophical”because it lacks viable protocols of argumentation.Thus it qualifies at best as“wisdom”;Confucius,for example,might provide valuable guidance,or thoughtful epigrams to ponder,but nothing in the way of formal reasoning that would permit his audience to reconstruct and reconsider his arguments in any conceivable context.