“完整的人”思想下的德育探索

The Exploration of Moral Education with the Thought of“Whole Man”

置身物欲横流的现代社会,人类的价值观和行为规范不断被解构,无尽的占有欲让人们逐渐沦为物的奴隶,使人的个性发展呈现为片面的发展。在德育场域中,人的完整性也因时常被割裂而走向片面,表现为对“质”的追求异化为对“量”的占有、人的主体性弱化且停留于微观现实生活、道德认同缺失导致“善”的遮蔽。“完整的人”,指的是人对自我本质的全面占有,摒弃人的片面性,以实现高度的自由自觉。德育作为促进个人成才、构建心灵秩序的活动,必须挖掘“完整的人”思想的内涵,改革德育评价、辩证看待异化,彰显人的主体性、建构“可能生活”,创设两难情境、优化榜样力量。

In the modern society where material desires abound,human values and behavior norms are constantly deconstructed.The endless desire for possession makes people gradually become slaves to things,which makes human personality present one-sided development.In the field of moral education,the integrity of human nature is often dismembered and tends to be one-sided,which is manifested as the alienation of the pursuit of quality into the possession of quantity,weakening of human subjectivity and staying in the micro life,and the lack of moral sincerity leading to the cover of“good”.“Whole man”refers to men’s overall possession of the essence,abandoning men’s one-sidedness,so as to realize men’s freedom and consciousness.Moral education,as an activity to promote individual success and build spiritual order,must excavate the connotation of“whole man”thought,treat alienation dialectically from the perspective of reforming moral education evaluation,highlight human subjectivity,construct possible life,create a dilemma situation and optimize the power of the model.