从《逸周书》二文看《保训》之“中”的刑书性质

“Zhong”in Baoxun in the Light of the Two Articles of Yizhoushu

《保训》第二个故事所见的“中”,既是可以出借的实物,又是一种可以继承发扬并因此膺受大命的崇高理念。《逸周书·尝麦》所见的“中”作为一种刑书,既是可以授受的物体,又是“大正”之理念的象征,在政治生活中具有极为重要的地位。《尝麦》也用古代的圣王故事来证明观点的合理性,也提到了“古遗训”“文考之言”。《保训》与《尝麦》两者间具有可比性。同《逸周书·度训》对比之后,《保训》第一个故事所见的“中”具有法律意义也可以得到确认。包括《保训》在内的清华简与《逸周书》有密切的关系,《逸周书》可以成为解读《保训》的一把钥匙。

“Zhong”in the second story in Baoxun is the object that can be lent as well as the lofty idea that can be promoted.“Zhong”in the article Changmai of Yizhoushu as a book of penalty is the receivable object and also the symbol of the idea of“Dazheng”,which is very important in the politics.The stories of ancient sage ruler are also used in the Changmai to prove the rationality of the judgment.Compared with Duxun of Yizhoushu,the legal implication of“Zhong”in the first story of Yizhoushu can be affirmed.In view of the close relationship between Baoxun and Yizhoushu,the latter offers us a key to understand Baoxun.