某矿区2013-2020年细菌分布情况及耐药率分析

Analysis of bacterial distribution and drug resistance rate in a mining area from 2013 to 2020

目的分析某矿区2013—2020年细菌分布情况及耐药率。方法收集2013年1月至2020年12月门急诊、住院患者分离出的4196株细菌,采用法国梅里埃API板条或VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物生化药敏鉴定分析仪鉴定菌种,采用纸片扩散法或自动化仪器行药敏试验。结果4196株分离菌中,革兰阴性菌3062株、革兰阳性菌1134株。检出率排名前5的细菌依次为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌,多数细菌2015年达到耐药高峰。耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌、耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌等2015年检出率最高。ICU多重耐药菌检出率最高,职防科最低。结论在医院感染管理科指导和各科室积极配合下,细菌耐药率基本呈下降趋势,但仍有个别高于全国。抗菌药物合理使用、医院感染防控,耐药监测工作应长期坚持。

Objective To analyze the bacterial distribution and drug resistance rate in a mining area from 2013 to 2020.Methods A total of 4196 strains of bacteria isolated from outpatient,emergency and inpatient patients from January 2013 to December 2020 were collected.The strains were identified by French merier API strip or VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial biochemical drug sensitivity identification analyzer,and the drug sensitivity test was carried out by kirby-bauer or automatic instrument.Results Among 4196 isolates,3062 were Gram negative bacteria and 1134 were Gram positive bacteria.The top 5 bacteria in the detection rate were Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii.Most bacteria reached the peak of drug resistance in 2015.The detection rates of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the highest in 2015.The detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the ICU was the highest and the lowest in the occupational prevention department.Conclusion Under the guidance of nosocomial infection management department and the active cooperation of various departments,the bacterial drug resistance rate basically shows a downward trend,but some are still higher than that in the whole country.Rational use of antibiotics,prevention and control of nosocomial infection and drug resistance monitoring should be adhered to for a long time.