重金属污染土壤修复遥感监测研究进展

Research Progress on Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Monitored by Remote Sensing

本文归纳了遥感技术在重金属污染土壤监测中的应用研究现状,分析了适合遥感监测的土壤重金属污染修复技术,并论述了结合修复技术对土壤重金属污染修复效果进行监测的研究,进而提出了当前土壤重金属污染修复遥感监测研究的不足与解决方法,最后展望了遥感技术在土壤重金属污染修复方面的应用前景。分析表明:土壤中重金属含量反演研究集中在可见光-红外遥感与微波监测,其中可见光-红外遥感反演已较为成熟,微波监测的研究有待加强,两者结合反演的研究还处于起步阶段;在土壤重金属污染修复方法方面,生物修复及其联合修复(生物间联合修复)的过程适合遥感监测;在遥感监测土壤修复效果的过程中,对植物性状的监测多于动物、微生物监测研究;同时,对于修复效果基本体现在土壤与植物表现出的特性。目前,土壤重金属污染修复遥感监测研究涉及多源数据的使用以及多学科交叉研究,且平台较为单一,致使整体研究还处于相对松散的状态。未来,解决遥感技术在土壤修复中的应用不足问题,依赖于精度不断提高的遥感数据、土壤修复体系完善等方面的进步。

Research progress of remote sensing technology in monitoring of heavy metal contaminated soil is summarized,and the appropriate technologies of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation monitored by remote sensing have been analyzed.The study of monitoring the effect of soil heavy metal pollution remediation combined with the repair technologyhas been discussed at the same time,followed by the proposition of the deficiencies and solutions to the current remote sensing based on monitoring of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation.Finally,the application prospects of remote sensing technology in soil heavy metal pollution remediation have been forecasted.Research showed that the research on inversion of heavy metal content in soil focuses on visible-infrared remote sensing and microwave monitoring.The inversion of visible-infrared remote sensing is relatively mature,and the microwave monitoring needs to be strengthened.It is in its infancy that both of them is combined.In terms of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation methods,the process of bioremediation and its joint remediation(Combined Bioremediation)is suitable for monitoring.In the process of monitoring the effect of soil remediation by remote sensing,the research on plants is more than that on animals and microbes.Meanwhile,the characteristics of the restoration effect are basically reflected by soil and plants.At present,the research on monitoring of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation involves the use of multi-source data and multi-disciplinary cross-research,and the platform is relatively single.So the overall research is still relatively loose.In the future,solving the problem of insufficient application of remote sensing technology in soil remediation will depend on the advances in remote sensing data with increasing accuracy and the improvement of soil remediation systems.