膨润土在河道治理中的应用

Study on the Application of Bentonite in River Regulation

随着我国经济持续高速发展,河道水环境污染也随之加剧,甚至形成黒臭水体,河道治理已成为各级政府工作的重要内容。但目前河道治理所用材料出现用量大、价格高、污染物去除效果一般的问题,急需一种适合河道治理的用量少、价格低廉、效果显著的材料。膨润土储量丰富,具有吸水膨胀性、吸附性、离子交换性等优良性能。其中,膨润土防水毯在河道治理河底防渗工程中已有实际应用,并取得了优异的效果。实验研究中,改性膨润土对水体中氨氮、有机污染物、总磷有较高的去除率,极大地降低了底泥中磷的释放,对垃圾渗沥液有较好的防渗性能同时对渗沥液中有机物和氨氮可有效的吸附去除。目前,除膨润土防渗性能有实际应用,其他性能均处于试验阶段,因此,加强膨润土在河道治理中实际应用方法的研究十分必要。

With the rapid development of our country's economy,the pollution of river water environment is aggravated,and even the black smelly water body is formed,river regulation has become an important part of government work at all levels.However,at present,the material used in river treatment has the problems of large amount,high price and general effect of pollutant removal,there is an urgent need for a material suitable for river treatment with low consumption,low price and remarkable effect.Bentonite is rich in reserves and has excellent properties such as water absorption expansion,adsorption,ion exchange and so on.Among them,the bentonite waterproof blanket has been applied in the anti-seepage project of river channel treatment,and has achieved excellent results.In the experimental study,the modified bentonite has a high removal rate of ammonia nitrogen,organic pollutants and total phosphorus in the water body,which greatly reduces the release of phosphorus in the sediment,which has good anti-seepage performance and can effectively adsorb and remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in leachate.At present,except for the practical application of bentonite,the other properties are in the experimental stage,therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the research on the practical application of bentonite in river channel treatment.