清代珐琅镶嵌家具保护与传承研究

Research on the Protection and Inheritance of Enamel Inlaid Furniture in Qing Dynasty

目的:对清代珐琅镶嵌家具的制作工艺、材料进行详细了解,并进一步对保护清代珐琅镶嵌家具的意义、价值进行分析,理清其保护的基本思路和传承的有效途径,形成传统家具、特别是珐琅镶嵌家具在非遗理念下保护与传承的一种可行模式。方法:以有关史料、文献为基础,通过田野调查,研究、分析清代珐琅镶嵌家具产生的历史背景、生产的传统技艺、使用的社会阶层和存世的实物数量,凝练出其所具有的文物价值、艺术价值和历史价值。结论:通过对传统家具保护知识的梳理和分析,提出要使清代珐琅镶嵌家具得到很好的保护,就只有在改善家具储藏环境的同时,开展相关的科学研究;要使其制作技艺传承下去,传承人的直接传授是最直接有效的途径,同时,仿制和创新也是传承活动中不可缺少的两项措施。

This paper gives detailed information on the craftsmanship and materials of enamel inlaid furniture in the Qing Dynasty and clarifies the meaning and value of its protection and inheritance.By sorting out the basic routine and effective method,a feasible mode of intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance of traditional furniture was proposed.Based on relevant historical materials and documents and through field investigation,this paper studies and analyzes the cultural background,traditional craftsmanship,target social hierarchy,and existing relic entities of enamel inlaid furniture in the Qing Dynasty,through which we extracted the relic value,artistic value and historical value of them.After the analysis and sorting of traditional furniture preserve knowledge,it is suggested that to protect enamel inlaid furniture in Qing Dynasty,scientific research must be carried out with an improved storage environment.A person-to-person impartation is the most effective way for the inheritance of its technique.Meanwhile,imitation and innovation are also two indispensable measures in inheritance activities.