秦文化分期及特征初探

Preliminary Study on Qin Culture by Its Stages and Features

秦文化的分期以前大多集中在秦文化考古学分期,有两分期、三分期、四分期等。文章从文化概念入手,以秦文化各阶段的特征、功用、民族心理和秦文化纵向发展形态将其发展阶段分成:嬴秦族文化、嬴秦西垂文化、雍秦文化和秦大一统文化四个阶段。四个阶段凸显了嬴秦族体意识的觉醒、秦国国家概念和华夏族意识的觉醒、秦新旧文化重构整合后的典型秦文化和秦大一统文化形成的民族心理特征,反映出秦文化由族体文化、地域文化、秦国家文化向多民族秦大一统华夏文化融合的发展趋势。

In the past few years,the stages of Qin Dynasty mostly focused on its archaeological stages which,can be divide into two stages,three stages and four stages.From the perspective of culture,based on the features and functions of every stage of Qin Dynasty,this paper tries to divide Qin culture into four stages which embraces the stage of culture presided by Qin Shi Huang,the first Emperor of Qin Dynasty,the stage of culture of governing its western front under Qin Shi Huang,the first Emperor of Qin Dynasty,the stage of culture of Yongqin and the unified culture of Qin dynasty.The four stages stressed on the waking of the group of Qin Dynasty,the waking of Chinese nation,and the national psychological characteristics composed of integration of both the old and the new culture of Qin dynasty and its featured culture as well as the unified culture of Qin dynasty.All cultures integrated from every dynasty after Qin Dynasty demonstrate the developing trend of Qin culture from Qin group culture,Qin state culture,and its local culture to the fusing together of Multi-ethnic culture of Qin dynasty.