ADHD儿童执行功能的运动干预效果Meta分析

Meta Analysis of Exercise on Executive Function of Children with ADHD

目的:采用Meta分析系统考察运动干预对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童执行功能的改善效果,总结最佳的运动处方。方法:系统检索Cochrane Library、Pubmed、EBSCO、ScienceDirect、WebofScience数据库相关文献,运用stata 15进行分析。结果:1)抑制控制组的各研究间异质性较低(I^(2)=25%);转换组的各研究间异质性较低(I 2=28%);工作记忆组各研究间无异质性(I^(2)=0.00%);2)运动干预对抑制控制和转换影响的效应量分别为SMD=-0.55(-0.74,-0.37)和SMD=-0.71(-0.96,-0.46),都达到中等偏上效应量且具有统计学意义;但对工作记忆影响偏小且不具有统计学意义,SMD=-0.03(-0.23,0.18)。结论:1)中等强度运动对ADHD患者抑制控制和转换能力的改善效果最佳;2)每次40~60 min的运动干预并持续6~8周能使抑制控制和转换能力改善的效益最大化;3)6~13岁是运动改善ADHD患者抑制控制和转换能力的最佳时期,且干预效果随年龄增加而降低;4)运动与药物联合治疗对ADHD儿童抑制控制和转换能力的影响与单纯长期的运动干预效果差异不大。

Objective:Systematically investigate the effect of exercise on executive function of ADHD children by Meta analysis.Methods:Searching Cochrane Library,Pubmed,EBSCO,ScienceDirect and Web of Science,Stata 15 were adopted for analyzing.Results:1)The heterogeneity of the inhibition control group was lower(I^(2)=25%);the heterogeneity among the studies in the conversion group was lower(I^(2)=28%);there was no heterogeneity among the studies in working memory group(I 2=0.00%);2)the effects of exercise intervention on inhibition control and conversion were SMD=-0.55(-0.74,-0.37)and SMD=-0.71(-0.96,-0.46),both of which reached the upper middle effect and had statistical significance.However,the effect on working memory was small and there was not statistically significant SMD=-0.03(-0.23,0.18).Conclusions:1)Moderate intensity exercise has the best effect on the improvement of inhibition control and conversion ability in patients with ADHD;2)40~60 minutes of exercise each time and last for 6~8 weeks could maximize the benefit of improving inhibition control and conversion ability;3)the best period for exercise to improve the ability of inhibition control and conversion in ADHD patients is 6~13 years old,and the effect of intervention decreases with the increase of age;4)Not much effect differences between exercise and drug combination therapy on the inhibition and control and conversion ability of ADHD children and that of long term exercise intervention.