城市步行适宜性的综合评价及空间异质性——以广州市中心城区为例

The Assessment and Spatial Heterogeneity of a City’s Walkability--A Case Study of Central District of Guangzhou City

以广州市中心城区为研究区,综合考量空间邻近性、步行便捷性、环境舒适性,选取步行指数、土地覆被指数及坡度构建步行适宜性评价模型,运用空间自相关、统计分析等方法定量分析步行适宜性的空间异质性。结果表明:广州市中心城区的步行适宜性指数介于9.36~88.56之间,区域差异明显,整体呈多中心圈层递减的格局;步行适宜性具有显著的空间自相关,在街道尺度下,步行适宜性高、低值街道在空间上趋于集聚,热点与冷点区域分别为新、旧城市中轴线所在区域;人口密度与步行适宜性的空间相关性显著,但在旧城区中仍存在两个高-低聚类街道,应重点对此类区域的步行适宜性进行精细化提升。

Walkability optimization is an important component of urban sustainability.This article developed a new walkability assessment model by integrating spatial proximity,walking convenience and environmental comfort.Taking the central district of Guangzhou city as an example,we show how to calculate the walkability of Guangzhou using three indexes,e.g.walk score,land cover index and slopes.The spatial heterogeneity of walkability was investigated using spatial autocorrelation,statistical analysis and spatial overlay.Results show that the walkability is between 9.36 and 88.56 with significant regional variance.Globally,there is distance-decay pattern from several hubs.Besides,the walkability show significant spatial autocorrelation.At the street scale,well walkable streets clustered in new central axis of the city,while the poorly walkable streets agglomerated in the traditional axis of the city.Last but not least,there is a significant spatial correlation between population density and walkability although traditional districts has two high-low clusters.Spatial attention should be given to those clusters to improve the walkability of such areas.