广西甘薯产业现状分析及其发展建议

Development status and countermeasures of sweet potato industry in Guangxi

【目的】针对广西甘薯产业发展现状,就其发展过程中存在的相关问题进行分析,为甘薯产业高效优质发展提供理论依据。【方法】通过对广西14个地级市的甘薯产业发展现状进行实地调研,明确其区域分布、种植品种、种植面积及产量、加工规模、产品品牌、主要销售市场及渠道,阐述广西甘薯产业的发展现状,剖析当前存在的问题,并有针对性地提出建议。【结果】广西是我国南方最大的甘薯主产区,2019年甘薯种植面积20.4万ha,总产量242.3万t;甘薯种植遍布全区,种植品种多且杂。种植季节以夏秋种为主,6—8月扦插种植,10—12月采收;桂东南地区全年均可种植甘薯,满足周年鲜薯供应。广西甘薯大约35%用于加工,加工产品以甘薯粉丝和薯干为主,还有少量的薯片和馅饼等休闲食品,60%以上用于鲜食。甘薯销售方式以客商收购为主,电商销售和自行销售为辅。广西在发展甘薯产业方面具有得天独厚的区位、生态和气候环境、产业基础及种植效益优势。甘薯是广西第三大粮食作物,2010—2019年种植面积与总产量统计数据显示甘薯产业总体发展较平稳;但存在种植品种退化、缺乏健康种苗、种植技术落后、机械化程度低、缺深加工及品牌产品、产业链不够完善等问题。【建议】加强功能型甘薯新品种选育及推广应用,规范无毒健康种苗生产,建立标准化的种植技术体系,建立甘薯产业联盟,打造品牌效应,完善甘薯优势区域布局,延长甘薯产业链,以促进广西甘薯产业的健康快速发展。

【Objective】In view of the current development situation of Guangxi sweet potato industry,this paper analyzed the problems existing in its development process,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient and high-quality development of sweet potato industry.【Method】Through field investigation on the development status of sweet potato industry in 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi,clarified their regional distribution,planting varieties,planting area and yield,processing scale,product brand,main sales markets and channels,elaborated the development status of sweet potato industry in Guangxi,analyzed the current problems,and put forward targeted suggestions.【Result】Guangxi is the largest main producing area of sweet potato in southern China.In 2019,the planting area of sweet potato was 204000 ha,and the total yield was 2423000 t.Sweet potatoes were grown all over Guangxi,with many and mixed varieties.The planting seasons were mainly summer and autumn,cutting from June to August and harvesting from October to December.Sweet potato could be planted throughout the year in southeastern Guangxi to meet the annual fresh potato supply.About 35%of sweet potatoes in Guangxi were used for processing.The processed products were mainly sweet potato vermicelli and dried potato,as well as a small amount of snack foods such as potato chips and pies,more than 60%for fresh food.The main way to sell sweet potatoes was to purchase merchants,and E-commerce sales and sell their own products.Guangxi had unique advantages in the development of sweet potato industry in terms of location,ecological and climatic environment,industrial base and planting efficiency.Sweet potato is the third largest food crop in Guangxi,and its development has been relatively stable from 2010 to 2019 based on the statistics of planting area and total yield.There were problems such as disordered planting varieties,lack of healthy seedlings,backward planting technology,low mechanization degree,lack of deep processing and brand products,and incomplete industrial chain.【Suggestion】Strengthen the breeding and promotion of new functional sweet potato varieties,regulate the production of non-toxic and healthy seeds and seedlings,establish a standardized planting technology system,establish the sweet potato industry alliance,improve the sweet potato industry chain,build brand effect,improve the advantageous regional layout of sweet potato,and extend the sweet potato industry chain,so as to promote the healthy and rapid development of sweet potato industry in Guangxi.