新型抗菌聚氨酯包装膜的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of New Antibacterial Polyurethane Packaging Film

目的以2,4甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、2,2二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)和聚己内酯(PCL)为原料,合成一种新型聚氨酯材料,加入不同质量分数的纳米银作为抗菌剂,探究R值(—NCO与—OH的摩尔比)和纳米银添加量对薄膜性能的影响。方法将不同R值的材料合成聚氨酯,添加不同质量分数的纳米银抗菌剂流延成膜,分析不同R值和不同添加量的纳米银对薄膜力学、透氧、亲/疏水、吸水率、耐酸碱、抗菌性等的影响。结果R值的增大使薄膜的力学性能先增大后减小,表面性质由亲水转向疏水,透气性、吸水率变小,耐碱性、耐酸性增强。添加少量的纳米银不会对薄膜力学性能、亲/疏水性能、透氧性、吸水率造成明显影响,但使薄膜的耐碱性增强,耐酸性降低。结论R值越大,薄膜的各项性能越好,纳米银的添加赋予了薄膜一定的抗菌性。

A new type of polyurethane material was synthesized from 2,4 toluene diisocyanate(TDI),2,2 dihydrox-ymethyl butyric acid(DMBA)and polycaprolactone(PCL).Different mass fractions of nano silver were added as anti-bacterial agent.The effects of R value(molar ratio of-NCO/-OH)and the amount of nano silver on the properties of the film were investigated.Polyurethane films were prepared from materials with different R values and nano-silver anti-bacterial agents.The effects of different R values and nanosilver dosage on the mechanical properties,oxygen permeabil-ity,hydrophilic/hydrophobic,water absorption,acid and alkali resistance and antibacterial properties of the films were analyzed.With the increase of R value,the mechanical properties of the film first increased and then decreased,the sur-face properties changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic,the air permeability and water absorption decreased,and the resistance to alkali and acid increased.The addition of a small amount of nano silver has no significant effect on the me-chanical properties,hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties,oxygen permeability and water absorption of the film,but in-creases the resistance to alkaline and decreases the resistance to acid.The higher the R value is,the better the properties of the film.The addition of nano silver gives the film some antibacterial properties.