韩非子的解释学建构

On the Construction of Han Feizi’s Hermeneutics

韩非不仅对《老子》文本进行了解释,其解释活动中还贯穿着他对解释活动本身有意识的理解。他对文本的意义、解释者如何获得文本的意义、作者的意图和解释的目的、文本的部分与整体的关系等解释学问题或者有直接讨论,或者蕴含在对其他问题的讨论中。他对意义不确定、无现实功用的经典的流传和当时学者以己意误解经典的现象多有批评。他认为,通过心灵的虚静排除解释者主观因素的影响可以让文本的确定意义自己呈现出来,但也承认误解难以避免。他对《老子》文本的解释仍然受到自己主观因素的影响,最终的结果是《老子》思想和他本人思想的融合。

As Han Feizi annotates and explains the text of Laozi,his understanding of the hermeneutical activity runs through his interpretation. Either directly or indirectly in other discussions,he engages with high-level hermeneutics,such as the meaning of the text,how the interpreter understands the meaning of the text,the intention of the author,the purpose of author’s interpretation,and the relation between the part and the whole in the texts. He criticizes the spread of the classics,which themselves have uncertain meaning and no practical function,and he also criticizes scholars of the time who misunderstand the classics of their own will. He believes that the definite meaning of the text can be presented spontaneously by eliminating the influence of subjective factors, but he also admits that misunderstanding is hard to avoid, and his interpretation of the text of Laozi is still guided by his own subjective ideas,which paves the way for the fusion of Laozi’s thoughts and his own thoughts.