核电厂保护系统软件危害分析辅助模型的构建方法研究

Research on Construction Method of Software Hazard Analysis Aid Model for Nuclear Power Plant Protection System

危害会妨碍保护功能的执行,使核电厂处于不安全状态。软件验证中的危害分析能够探究和识别一般设计评审和测试中无法识别的潜在危害,是提高软件质量的有效手段。为了引导分析人员全面识别危害,对保护系统结构特点、软件开发特点和软件关键特性进行研究,提出了建立以识别潜在危害为目的的软件质量度量模型。分解由软件执行的系统功能,对分解得到的每个功能,采用软件功能特性作为质量度量指标,再从以软件过程特性为主的几个维度判断使每个指标恶化的危害,构建多维度度量模型。该建模方法能够系统性地引导分析人员构建模型,以便全面识别软件设计过程中引入到系统中的潜在危害。实践证明,采用该方法构建的模型能够为后续的危害分析工作奠定良好的基础,对辅助危害分析具有重要意义。同时,该研究成果对于软件工程领域以提高软件质量为目的的相似研究具有借鉴和启示意义。

Hazard can obstruct safety function working which puts nuclear power plant in an unsafe state.Hazard analysis in software verification can explore and identify potential hazards that cannot be identified in general design reviews and tests,and it is an effective means to improve software quality.In order to guide analysts to completely identify hazards,the protection system structure,software development characteristics and software critical characteristics are studied,and a software quality metrics model for identifying potential hazards is proposed.The system functions assigned to the software are decomposed.For each function obtained by decomposition,software functional characteristics are used as the quality metrics,and the hazards that worsen the quality metrics are judged from the several dimensions dominated by the software process characteristics,and a multidimensional metrics model is constructed.The modeling method can systematically guide analysts to construct the model,which facilitate comprehensive identification of potential hazards introduced into the system during software design process.It is proved that the model can lay a good foundation for the subsequent hazard analysis work and has great significance in assisting hazard analysis.At the same time,the research results have reference and enlightening significance for similar studies aiming at improving software quality in the whole field of software engineering.