虚拟同步发电机技术在风力发电中的应用

Application of Virtual Synchronous Generator Technology in Wind Power Generation

随着化石能源危机和环境污染问题日益严重,风力发电产业发展迅速。传统风力发电机组受到其中电力电子装置的影响,在并网时对电网电压和频率呈现低惯量、欠阻尼影响,对电网的稳定形成严峻的挑战。虚拟同步发电机(VSG)技术能模拟传统同步发电机的运行特性,改善电网的稳定性,还能进一步推动智能电网的形成,因而成为目前研究的热点。介绍了虚拟同步发电机的基本原理及模型,综述了目前风力发电虚拟同步发电技术主要的控制方案,分析了各种控制方案的优缺点。介绍了虚拟同步发电机在风力发电中的应用并列举出成功案例。最后,对VSG技术接入电网面临的问题进行了分析并提出今后的研究方向,为VSG技术在风力发电中的发展和应用提供技术支撑。

With the fossil energy crisis and environmental pollution becoming more and more serious,the wind power industry develops rapidly.Due to the influence of the power electronic devices in grid connection,the traditional wind turbine has low inertia and underdamping effect on the voltage and frequency of the power grid,which poses a severe challenge to the stability of the power grid.Virtual synchronous generator(VSG)technology has become a research hotspot because it can simulate the operation characteristics of traditional synchronous generator,improve the stability of power grid and further promote the formation of smart power grid.The basic principle and model of virtual synchronous generator are introduced,and the main control schemes of wind power virtual synchronous generation technology is summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of various control schemes are analyzed.The application of virtual synchronous generator in wind power generation and the successful cases are presented.Finally,the problems faced by VSG technology in connecting to the power grid are analyzed and the future research direction is proposed to provide technical support for the development and application of VSG technology in wind power generation.