自闭症倾向幼儿音节替代个案研究

A Case Study of Syllable Substitution in Autistic Predisposed Children

目的探讨自闭症倾向儿童语音障碍发展情况。方法跟踪1名2.5岁自闭症倾向儿童3个月的语音仿说情况,分析其在声母、韵母、声调、音节4方面的语音替代情况,并提出解决策略。结果个案在声母、韵母、声调、音节中都存在语音替代情况,声母替代以双唇辅音为主,双唇鼻辅音替代为辅;双唇辅音替代分布较广,双唇鼻辅音替代分布单一,并有双唇辅音相结合替代的情况。韵母替代以单韵母替代为主,复韵母替代为辅;以齐齿呼替代为主,开口呼替代为辅;幼儿对韵母辨识度较强。声调替代以阴平为主,去声为辅。音节替代的种类和数量反应了原音节的难度。结论…对自闭症儿童进行语言康复可通过调整康复目标、提高交际动机、降低交际难度、调整康复内容、调整气息训练等方面,提高患儿的语言康复质量与社会融合程度。

Objective To explore the specific situation of speech impairment in autistic children.Methods Taking a 2.5-year-old child with autism as the survey subject,a 3-month follow-up survey of phonetic imitation was conducted to analyze the phonetic substitution situation in four aspects:initials,finals,tones,and syllables.Results There were substitutions in initials,finals,tones,and syllables in the case.The initials were replaced by bilabial consonants,and the bilabial nasal consonants were replaced as subordinates.The bilabial consonants were replaced widely,and the bilabial nasal consonants were replaced by a single distribution.And there were cases where bilabial consonants were combined instead.The vowels were replaced by single vowels,and the compound vowels were substituted as supplements;Qiqihu was the main substitute,and the open-mouthed vowels were used as a supplement;children had a strong recognition of vowels.Tone replacement was mainly based on Yinping,and Qusheng was the auxiliary,Shangsheng was the most difficult to replace,and Yangping was more difficult to replace.The type and number of substitute syllables in syllable substitution could reflect the difficulty of the original syllable.Conclusion By adjusting rehabilitation goals,improving communication motivation,reducing communication difficulty,adjusting rehabilitation content,and adjusting breath training,the quallty of language rehabilitation and social integration of children with antism can be effcitively improved.