2014-2019年合肥市MTB/HIV双重感染防治情况分析

Analysis of the control and prevention of MTB/HIV coinfection in Hefei from 2014 to 2019

目的分析合肥市结核分枝杆菌与人类免疫缺陷病毒(MTB/HIV)双重感染防治效果,为合肥市MTB/HIV双重感染防治工作提供科学依据。方法2014—2019年合肥市各区(县)疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科(简称“疾控中心艾防科”)将HIV感染者/AIDS患者(HIV/AIDS)转诊到当地结核病定点医院进行胸部X线摄片(简称“胸片”)检查,2084例新检出HIV/AIDS患者进行了结核病筛查,既往HIV/AIDS患者进行结核病筛查累计8326例次;结核病定点医院对结核病患者进行HIV抗体检测,确认HIV抗体阳性的患者转诊到疾控中心艾防科就诊,2014—2019年登记的18146例结核病患者进行了HIV抗体检测。结果2014—2019年新检出2137例HIV/AIDS患者,2084例进行了结核病筛查,筛查率为97.52%,新检出HIV/AIDS患者中检出24例结核病患者,检出率为1.15%(24/2084)。既往HIV/AIDS患者进行结核病筛查累计8326例次,检出结核病患者37例。2014—2019年HIV抗体检测率分别为60.72%(2806/4621)、60.86%(2676/4397)、63.84%(2770/4339)、75.16%(3128/4162)、84.41%(3638/4310)和82.42%(3128/3795),6年间HIV抗体检测率呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=1068.000,P=0.000),18146例结核病患者检出HIV抗体阳性患者12例,检出率0.07%。结论合肥市新检出HIV/AIDS患者结核病检出率较高,提高新检出HIV/AIDS患者结核病筛查率,实现结核病与艾滋病数据信息共享,可以早发现、早治疗MTB/HIV双重感染患者,降低双重感染患者死亡率,有效控制合肥市MTB/HIV双重感染疫情。

Objective To analyze the control and prevention effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus(MTB/HIV)coinfection in Hefei,and to provide scientific basis for the control and prevention of MTB/HIV coinfection in Hefei.Methods From 2014 to 2019,the AIDS Prevention and Control Department of each district(county)Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)in Hefei referred HIV/AIDS patients to local tuberculosis designated hospitals for chest X-ray examination(chest X-ray).All of 2084 newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients and 8326 previous HIV/AIDS patients were screened for tuberculosis.Tuberculosis patients were tested for HIV antibody in designated TB hospitals,and those confirmed positive HIV antibody patients were referred to the AIDS Prevention Department of CDC for treatment.A total of 18146 TB patients registered from 2014 to 2019 were tested for HIV antibody.Results From 2014 to 2019,2137 new HIV/AIDS patients were detected,among whom 2084 were screened for tuberculosis,and the screening rate was 97.52%.Twenty-four tuberculosis patients were detected,and the detection rate was 1.15%(24/2084).Among 8326 previous HIV/AIDS patients,37 tuberculosis patients were detected.The HIV antibody test rates from 2014 to 2019 were 60.72%(2806/4621),60.86%(2676/4397),63.84%(2770/4339),75.16%(3128/4162),84.41%(3638/4310)and 82.42%(3128/3795).The HIV antibody test rate showed an upward trend in 6 years,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)_(trend)=1068.000,P=0.000).Twelve patients with positive HIV antibody were detected in 18146 tuberculosis patients,and the detection rate was 0.07%.Conclusion The detection rate of tuberculosis among newly-detected HIV/AIDS patients in Hefei is relatively high.To improve the tuberculosis screening rate of newly detected HIV/AIDS patients,and realize the sharing of tuberculosis and AIDS data and information,in order to achieve early detection and treatment of MTB/HIV coinfected patients,reduce the mortality of coinfected patients,and effectively control the MTB/HIV epidemic in Hefei.