不停跳冠脉搭桥心肌保护技术在瓣膜疾病合并冠心病手术中的应用

Application analysis of myocardial protection technique for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in the operation of valve disease combined with coronary heart disease

目的介绍不停跳冠脉搭桥心肌保护技术在瓣膜疾病合并冠心病手术中的应用。方法观察2017年1月2020年7月就诊于中国科学技术大学附属第一医院心脏外科的瓣膜病合并冠心病的149例患者,应用不停跳冠脉搭桥心肌保护技术行瓣膜置换合并冠脉搭桥术的手术效果和相关并发症。对于搭桥+主动脉瓣膜/双瓣膜置换术,经左、右冠状动脉开口直接灌注+经静脉桥血管灌注,然后行心脏瓣膜置换术,缝合主动脉切口+静脉桥血管吻合。对于搭桥+二尖瓣膜置换手术,将静脉桥血管吻合至主动脉,降温阻断后,行主动脉根部灌注和二尖瓣膜置换。结果149例手术患者中,主瓣+搭桥49例,二尖瓣+搭桥83例,双瓣+搭桥17例,单支冠脉病变需搭桥54例,2支病变55例,3支病变40例。术后住院期间死亡10例,术后有4例发生永久性脑卒中,有28例发生急性肾功能不全需透析治疗,有18例机械通气时间>24h。结论对于冠心病合并瓣膜病的患者,在冠状动脉搭桥合并瓣膜手术中应用不停跳冠脉搭桥心肌保护技术具有操作简单、手术效果满意、术后并发症少及临床效果满意等优点。

Objective To introduce the application of myocardial protection technique for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCABG)in the operation of valve disease complicated with coronary heart disease.Methods The effect and related complications of valve replacement combined with coronary artery bypass grafting using myocardial protection technique for OPCABG in patients with valvular disease complicated with coronary heart disease treated in the Department of Cardiac Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of China University of science and technology from January 2017 to July 2020.For bypass surgery+aortic valve replacement surgery,the direct perfusion through the left and right coronary artery orifices and transvenous graft perfusion were firstly performed,and then heart valve replacement surgery was taken and the anastomosis of aortic incision and vascular graft was sutured.For bypass surgery+mitral valve replacement surgery,the vascular graft was anastomosed with the pathological target vessel under the circulatory beating heart,and the vascular graft was anastomosed with the aorta.After the aorta was cooled and blocked,the aortic root perfusion and the mitral valve replacement were performed.Results Among the 149 patients,49 patients taken aortic valve replacement+bypass surgery,83 taken mitral valve replacement+bypass surgery,17 taken double valves replacement+bypass surgery,54 had a single pathological branch of coronary artery which required bypass surgery,55 had two pathological branches of coronary artery which required bypass surgery,and 40 had three pathological branches of coronary artery requiring bypass surgery.Ten patients died during postoperative hospitalization,4 suffered permanent stroke after surgery,28 suffered acute renal insufficiency and required dialysis treatment,and 18 taken mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours.Conclusion For patients with coronary heart disease combined with valvular diseases,the myocardial protection technique for OPCABG in coronary artery bypass surgery combined with valve surgery is easy to operate,causing less postoperative complications and bringing satisfactory surgical results and clinical effects.