河南省引黄受水区水资源节约集约度与经济社会要素匹配分析

Matching Analysis of Water Resources Saving and Intensified Utilization Degree and Economic and Social Factors in the Yellow River Water-Receiving Area of Henan Province

为揭示河南省引黄受水区水资源节约集约度与经济社会要素的匹配关系,构建了水资源节约集约利用评价指标体系,采用单指标量化—多指标综合法和数列匹配方法,计算了河南省引黄受水区2010—2019年水资源节约集约度,分析了人均水资源量、GDP与水资源节约集约度的匹配关系。结果表明:河南省引黄受水区14个地级市的水资源节约集约度均呈增长趋势,郑州、许昌、三门峡和周口水资源节约集约度普遍较高,其中三门峡、周口人均水资源量相对较大,供水压力小,能够作为水权交易的输出端;新乡、焦作、濮阳、济源和开封水资源节约集约度普遍较低,其中新乡和濮阳本地水资源条件较差,需要积极争取外调水;濮阳、济源和开封经济发展相对滞后,需要调整产业结构,实现经济发展和水资源节约集约度双提升。

In order to reveal the matching relationship between water resources economical and intensive utilization(WREIU) and economic and social factors in the Yellow River water-receiving area of Henan Province(YRWRA-HN), this paper constructed a evaluation index system of the WREIU, and calculated the water resources saving and intensified utilization degree(SID) in the YRWRA-HN from 2010 to 2019 using the single index quantization-multi index synthesis method. Finally, the matching relationship between water resources per capita(WRPC), GDP and the SID were analyzed using the sequence matching method, respectively. The results show that the degrees of WREIU of all prefecture-level cities in the YRWRA-HN present an increasing trend, and the SIDs of Zhengzhou City, Xuchang City, Sanmenxia City and Zhoukou City are generally higher. Among them, the WRPCs in Sanmenxia City and Zhoukou City are relatively larger, so they have low water pressure and can be used as the output end of water rights trading. The SIDs of Xinxiang City, Jiaozuo City, Puyang City, Jiyuan City and Kaifeng City are generally lower. Among them, local water resources conditions in Xinxiang City and Puyang City are poor, and they need to actively strive for external water transfer. The economies of Puyang City, Jiyuan City and Kaifeng City are also relatively backward, thus they need to adjust the industrial structure to achieve the double improvement of economy and SID.