中间相沥青的制备与表征研究进展

Progress in preparation and characterization of mesophase pitch

中间相沥青是由石油沥青、煤沥青以及其他芳烃类化合物聚合而成的具有各向异性结构的液晶类物质,是制备炭材料的优良前驱体。中间相沥青的制备原料和合成工艺对中间相沥青的性能有显著影响。为了得到理想的中间相沥青产品,研究者们不断改进制备工艺并开发新的制备方法。中间相沥青的性质表征对制备工艺的进一步完善具有重要意义,同时,对后续炭材料能否制备成功起着监测作用。本文综述了中间相沥青的制备方法及表征方法的研究进展,重点介绍了热缩聚、组分优化、加氢改性等制备方法,以及中间相沥青性能的多种表征方法。最后展望了中间相沥青的发展前景。

Mesophase pitch is a kind of liquid crystal material with anisotropic structure, which is synthesized from petroleum pitch,coal pitch and other aromatic compounds. The raw materials and synthesis process of mesophase pitch have significant influence on the performance of mesophase pitch. In order to obtain ideal mesophase pitch products, the researchers have continuously improved preparation process and developed new preparation methods. The characterization of mesophase pitch is of great significance to the further improvement of the preparation process, and also plays a monitoring role for the subsequent preparation of carbon materials.In this paper, the preparation methods and characterization methods of mesophase pitch are reviewed, with emphasis on the preparation methods such as thermal condensation, component optimization, hydrogennation modification, and various characterization methods of mesophase pitch. Finally, the development prospect of mesophase pitch is put forward.