水体底泥和猪粪理化性质分析及生态砖制备工艺初探

Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of Water Bottom Mud and Pig Manure and Preliminary Study on the Preparation Process of Ecological Bricks

以疏浚底泥和猪粪作为原材料,通过测定底泥的氧化物组成、塑性指数等指标,以及猪粪的热值、元素及工业成分分析,并辅以矿渣和水玻璃、碳酸钙作为添加剂,来制备生态砖,并对成品砖的吸水率和密度进行分析,探索出了生态砖的最佳配比。结果为:①底泥氧化物组成以SiO_(2)和Al_(2)O_(3)主,塑性指数为9.3,烧失率为11.34%,符合烧结砖对原料的基本要求;②猪粪样品的高位热值为16380 J/g,约为普通煤燃烧热值的1/2;猪粪所含的C和O元素含量较高(占39.536%和27.066%),其余元素含量较低;猪粪中水分、灰分及挥发分含量分别为6.4%、19.90%和65.14%;③对成品砖制备工艺进行探索,初步发现矿渣不适宜作为烧结添加剂,水玻璃和碳酸钙作为烧结添加剂时,其最佳配比为:底泥:猪粪:碳酸钙:水玻璃=80:7:3:10。

In this study,the dredged sediment and pig manure are used as raw materials,through the determination of sediment oxide composition,plastic index and other indicators;pig manure calorific value,element and industrial composition are analyzed.Slag,sodium silicate and calcium carbonate are supplemented as additives to prepare ecological bricks.The finished bricks water absorption and density are analyzed to explore the best ratio of ecological bricks.The results were as follows:①The oxide composition of the bottom mud is dominated by SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3);the plasticity index is 9.3,and the ignition loss rate is 11.34%,which meets the basic requirements of sintered bricks for raw materials.②The high calorific value of pig manure sample is 16380 J/g,which is about 1/2 of the common coal combustion calorific value.The contents of C and O in pig manure were higher(39.536%and 27.066%),while the contents of other elements were lower.The contents of moisture,ash and volatiles in pig manure were 6.4%,19.90%and 65.14%,respectively.③The preparation process of finished bricks was explored,and it was preliminarily found that slag was not suitable for sintering additives.When sodium silicate and calcium carbonate were used as sintering additives,the optimal ratio was as follows:(bottom mud:pig manure:calcium carbonate:sodium silicate)=80:7:3:10.