细胞源与鸡胚源传染性支气管炎病毒激活JAK⁃STAT信号通路的差异性研究

Difference in the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway Activated by Cell-derivedAvian Infectious Bronchitis Virus and Chicken Embryo-derived AvianInfectious Bronchitis Virus

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious Bronchitis Virus,IBV)对鸡的呼吸道、肾脏和输卵管等器官造成严重损伤,主要引起鸡产蛋率下降和雏鸡死亡。目前通过鸡胚传代获得IBV疫苗株和流行毒株。IBV Beaudette株是目前实验室研究的经典毒株,已经适应人源和猴源细胞,可利用Vero细胞进行制备。有研究表明,IBV感染延迟干扰素的表达,并对JAK⁃STAT信号通路具有拮抗作用。本研究中发现,通过Vero细胞制备的IBV Beaudette株,在感染早期激活STAT1,通过鸡胚制备的IBV Beaudette,则不能有效激活STAT1。进一步研究发现,鸡胚传代的IBV QX株和新城疫病毒(Newcastle Disease Virus,NDV)亦不能有效刺激JAK⁃STAT信号通路。两种制备病毒的方式分别得到不同的试验结果,推测是由于在病毒感染条件下,Vero细胞分泌到培养液中的细胞因子所致。进一步研究揭示,病毒感染条件下,细胞分泌的因子,瞬时激活了STAT1。本研究对于病毒的制备方式对天然免疫信号通路的影响,具有一定的参考和借鉴作用。

The infectious bronchitis virus(IBV)primarily causes a decrease in the laying rate and death of chicks.It causes severe damage to the respiratory tract,kidneys,and fallopian tubes of chickens.Vaccine strains and epidemic strains of the IBV are obtained mainly by the passage of chicken embryos.The IBV Beaudette strain is a classic strain studied in the laboratory,which has adapted to human and monkey cells and can be prepared by Vero cells.Studies have shown that IBV infection delays the expression of interferon and antagonizes the janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK–STAT)signaling pathway.We found that the IBV Beaudette strain obtained by Vero cells activated the JAK–STAT signaling pathway in the early stage of infection.However,the IBV Beaudette strain obtained from chicken embryos could not stimulate JAK–STAT signaling pathway effectively.Further investigations indicated that the chicken-embryo passage of the IBV QX strain and Newcastle disease virus could not stimulate the JAK–STAT signaling pathway effectively.Different experimental results were obtained by the two methods of virus expansion,which was presumed to be due to the cytokines secreted by Vero cells into the culture medium upon virus infection.We concentrated the virus,cytoxin,and chicken embryo virus in two ways.After the virus had been concentrated by ultrafiltration,we removed the virus liquid and supernatant to measure expression of phosphorylated STAT1,and discovered that the effect was due to the role of the cell supernatant.Our study can be used as a reference for investigations into the early infection caused by the virus.