非洲猪瘟病毒跨膜蛋白CD2v的结构与功能研究进展

Research Advances in Structure and Function of Transmembrane Protein CD 2vof African Swine Fever Virus

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染家猪和野猪,引起的高度传染性和致死性动物传染病,不同品种和年龄阶段的猪均易感,发病率和死亡率可高达100%。ASFV是全球生猪产业的重点疫病之一,目前无商品化疫苗。ASFV是一种大而复杂的双链DNA双层囊膜病毒。ASFV主要跨膜蛋白CD2v是介导血细胞吸附(Hemadsorption,HAD)和鉴定病毒血清型的关键蛋白,它参与ASFV宿主免疫应答、免疫逃逸和病毒复制等生理生化过程,且是ASFV疫苗和抗病毒分子研发的潜在重要靶点。探究CD2v在ASFV感染中的作用及机制渐成热点。因此,本文对ASFV CD2v的结构及其生物学功能研究报道进行分析综述,将为阐明ASFV致病机理和疫苗研发等提供重要参考。

African swine fever(ASF)is an acute inflammatory animal infectious disease in domestic pigs and wild pigs infected by African swine fever virus(ASFV).Different breeds and all age of swine are susceptible to ASFV infection,and the rate of morbidity and mortality from ASFV infection can be up to 100%.ASFV is one of the major diseases in global pig industry,but no commercial vaccine is available.The ASFV is a large,complex,double⁃stranded DNA double⁃enveloped virus.CD2v is a main transmembrane protein of the ASFV that mediates hemadsorption,and has been used to identify the ASFV serotype as the key protein.CD2v shows substantial involvement in the host immune response,immune escape of the ASFV,as well as viral replication and other physiologic and biochemical processes.Thus,CD2v has been used as a potential target for development of an ASFV vaccine and antiviral molecular research.The role and mechanism of action of CD2v in ASFV infection has become a hot topic.Therefore,the structure and biologic function of ASFV CD2v are reviewed here and,as such,can provide important references for elucidating the pathogenesis of ASF and vaccine development.