植物检疫性病毒等温扩增检测技术研究进展

Advances in Isothermal Amplification of Phytosanitary Viruses

植物病毒严重影响农林作物的产量和质量。随着全球化的快速发展,植物检疫性病毒跨境入侵风险加剧,研发植物检疫性病毒的精准、快速的检测技术对于保障进出口贸易及农林业生产安全具有重要作用。早期植物病毒检测主要基于寄主生物学症状、病毒形态观察以及ELISA为主的血清学检测方法等。当前,核酸扩增技术成为主要的植物病毒检测方法,特别是近20年来发展起来的等温核酸扩增技术,因其具有快速、灵敏、适于现场检测等优势,在许多植物病毒检测中广泛开展研究。其中,我国20余种进境植物检疫性病毒已建立了等温扩增检测技术。本文在综述等温扩增技术原理的基础上,归纳总结了主要等温扩增技术在植物检疫性病毒检测中的研究进展,并对其在口岸检疫的应用前景进行展望。

Plant viruses seriously affect the yield and quality of agricultural and forestry crops.The cross⁃border invasion risk of plant viruses is increasing with rapid globalization.Therefore,accurate and fast diagnostic technologies are having important roles in protecting import and export trades as well as the safety of agricultural and forestry industries.Early strategies for diagnosing plant viruses were based mainly on host symptoms,the morphologic features of the virus,and serological⁃based methods,as represented by ELISA.Technologies for nucleic⁃acid amplification have become the main methods for the detection of plant viruses.In particular,technologies based on isothermal amplification of nucleic acids that have emerged in the past two decades have been studied widely for detecting plant viruses because they are fast,sensitive,and suitable for on⁃site detection.Until now,isothermal technologies for amplification of nucleic acids have been established for more than 20 entry plant quarantine viruses in China.Here,we summarize the research advances in the main isothermal technologies for amplification of nucleic acids in detecting plant viruses and discuss their application in the future.