阿坝州金川县饮水型砷中毒病区水砷含量及砷中毒病例监测结果分析

Water Arsenic Content and Arsenic Poisoning Cases in Drinking Water Arsenic Poisoning Area of Jinchuan County in Aba Prefecture

目的动态评价阿坝州金川县砷中毒病区改水防制措施,掌握病区病情变化趋势,为饮水型地方性砷中毒消除评价工作提供基础资料。方法在金川连续多年开展水砷检测和病情监测基础上,于2019年按照《中华人民共和国国家标准地方性砷中毒病区消除》(GB28595-2012)标准进行消除评价,县级自评后,经省级抽查验收。所得数据采用流行病学描述分析,砷中毒检出率采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果金川县高砷区改水全覆盖,多次监测饮水砷含量符合国家生活饮用水卫生标准,改水后无地方性砷中毒新发病例,水砷浓度均小于0.01 mg/kg,达到饮水型地方性砷中毒的消除标准。结论金川县饮水型砷中毒病区改水防制效果较好,建议当地持续巩固改水措施,同时继续开展监测工作,确保金川县饮水型砷中毒达到持续消除目标,巩固防制成效。

Objective To analyze the changing trend of arsenic poisoning cases and dynamically evaluate the prevention and control measures of water conversion in arsenic poisoning area of Jinchuan County so as to provide basic data for the elimination and evaluation of drinking water endemic arsenic poisoning.Methods By using the monitoring data of water arsenic and arsenic poisoning cases in Jinchuan County,the elimination evaluation was carried out according to the standard of“Elimination of endemic arsenic poisoning areas in the national standard of the people′s Republic of China”(GB28595-2012)in 2019.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results High arsenic areas were completely covered with water conversion in Jinchuan County,and the arsenic content of drinking water was monitored many times based on the national hygienic standard of drinking water.There were no new cases of endemic arsenic poisoning,and the water arsenic concentration was less than 0.01 mg/kg.The drinking water arsenic poisoning reached the elimination standard.Conclusion In Jinchuan County,the effect of water conversion in arsenic poisoning area is good.It is suggested that the local government should continue to consolidate the improvement of water control measures and carry out monitoring work to achieve the goal of sustainable elimination and consolidate the prevention and control effect in Jinchuan County.