心脏移植受者自我管理能力的质性分析

A Qualitative Study of Self-management in Heart Transplant Recipients

目的了解心脏移植术后受者自我管理能力的情况。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法,深入访谈10名心脏移植术后受者并对获得的资料进行整理、分析、归纳。结果总结出4大主题:复杂的内心世界;压力的承受;寻求支持和帮助;渴望并努力与医护人员建立长期联系。结论提高心脏移植术后受者自我管理能力涉及多个方面,包括情绪管理、家属的重视程度以及多途径的信息支持等。护理人员应针对心脏移植受者自我管理过程中的薄弱环节给予指导和支持,促使受者能够长期坚持疾病管理行为,以提高心脏移植术后受者生存质量。

Objective To understand the self-management ability of heart transplant recipients after discharge. Methods 10 heart transplant recipients were interviewed by phenomenological method in qualitative study.The data were collected, analyzed and summarized. Results Four themes were obtained: the complex inner world, bearing of pressure, requirement of support and help and desire and effort to connect with health care professionals. Conclusion The self-management of heart transplant recipients involves many aspects, including emotional management, family members’ attention and information support. Nursing staff should give guidance and support to the weak links in the process of self-management, so as to make patients adhere to the disease management behavior for a long time.