早期东西文化交流的三个阶段

THE THREE STAGES OF EARLY SINO-WESTERN CULTURAL INTERACTIONS

目次一引言二铜石并用时代的文化交流三青铜时代的文化交流四早期铁器时代的文化交流五结语一引言如果以陶容器为主要依据,结合其他遗存的空间分布和起源传播.可将丝绸之路前全新世大部时段的亚欧大陆大致划分为三大文化圈,即以中国黄河、长江流域为中心,包括东亚、东南亚及太平洋诸岛屿在内的“早期东方文化圈”;以两河流域为中心,包括西亚、北非、中亚南部、南亚和欧洲南部在内的“早期西方文化圈”;以及东、西两大文化圈以北的“早期北方文化圈”。本文所谓早期东西文化交流,主要指旧石器时代人类大迁徙之后、汉代“丝绸之路”出现之前早期东、西两大文化圈之间的交流。

The early exchanges between China and the West began around 3500 BCE,coinciding with the three major stages of civilization’s development:Chalcolithic,Bronze,and early Iron Age.During that time,three major routes between East and West:the Northern Route through the Eurasian Steppe,the Middle Route through the Central Asian oasis belt,and the Southern Route through the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.The cultural exchange featured by the painted pottery between southern Central Asia and northwestern China at the Chalcolithic period showed the earliest“Painted-Pottery Road”between two distant regions.First from west to east,then from east to west.the cultural exchanges via the“Metal Road”through the Northern Route and the“Painted-Pottery Road”through the Middle Route,gradually improved the integration of Bronze Age Eurasia and trigged “Bronze Age Revolution”in China.In the period of early Iron Age,northern China became a part of the Eurasian Steppe nomadic cultural region,and the cultural factors from the civilized cores interpenetrated extensively across Eurasia.The three major stages of early Sino-Western cultural interactions correspond to the three important stages for the genesis and development of the early civilizations across Eurasia.The relationship between the evolution of civilization and cultural interactions is dialectical,that they supplement and promote each other.The long-distance indirect cultural interactions across Eurasia,though never fundamentally alter the deep-rooted cultural base of those civilizations across Eurasia,played a visible role in promoting their formation and development,and laid the foundations of the later“Silk Road.”