胶质细胞参与阿片类药物和中枢神经兴奋剂成瘾机制及治疗的研究进展

Research progress of glial cell-mediated mechanism and therapy of opioid and central nervous stimulant addiction

阿片类药物和中枢神经兴奋剂的成瘾性限制了相关药物的临床使用,近年来大量证据显示胶质细胞在阿片类药物和中枢神经兴奋剂的成瘾过程中起到了至关重要的作用,为研究其成瘾的细胞与分子机制找到了一种新思路,即非神经元通路。工作记忆损害、突触可塑性、神经免疫反应异常与药物成瘾是研究的热点。本文对胶质细胞表达的相关受体在成瘾过程中起到的作用及其机制做一综述,以期对阿片类药物和中枢神经兴奋剂成瘾的机制及治疗药物开发有更加深入的了解。

Opioids and central nervous system stimulants, which have addictive side effects, limit their use in clinical practice. Recently, accumulating evidence indicates that glial cells play a critical role in the addiction process of opioids and central nervous stimulants, which provides a new way to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of drug addiction, namely non-neuronal pathway. Working memory impairment, synaptic plasticity, neuroimmune dysfunction in drug addiction are the hotspots in current research. Expecting for a better understanding of the mechanism of opioid and central nervous system stimulant addiction, as well as the development of novel drugs for treating drug addiction, this article reviews the role and mechanism of related receptors expressed by glial cells in the process of drug addiction.