鱼类黑视蛋白研究进展

The Study Progress of Melanopsin in Fishes

黑视蛋白具有感光特性,能够感知外界光谱并引起自身节律调控系统进行相应的调整。该蛋白在鱼类眼部及脑部均有分布且其分子的存在形式具有多样性,并在多种生理途径如胚胎发育、光动反应、警觉反应及激素分泌等过程中起到重要的上游调控作用。该文主要介绍了黑视蛋白的分子结构组成,分析了黑视蛋白的感光过程,并对该蛋白在鱼类中的分部位点及表现形式和对鱼类的主要影响方面进行了归纳总结。黑视蛋白在多种生理途径中的广泛影响,为其在鱼类养殖中通过添加的方式来达到提高养殖效益目的提供了可能性。

Melanopsin is photosensitive, which could capture the photon and entrain the adjustment of the rhythm system. This opsin distributes both in the retina and the brain in fishes with diverse molecular forms. It plays an important role in upstream regulation in the multiple processes like embryo development, photomotor response, alertness responses and endocrine. We gave an introduction of the molecular structure and its composition, described its pathway of photosensitivity and gave an overview of its distribution, molecular forms and primary areas it woks in fishes. The extensive influences of melanopsin in various physical areas provide the possibility to increase the benefit in fish culture by adding the product of melanopsin.