基于GIS空间分析的公共服务设施空间布局特征研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例

Research on Characteristics of Spatial Layout of Public Service Facilities Based on GIS Spatial Analysis——Taking Urumqi as an Example

随着中国城市化进程加快,由城市公共服务设施空间布局问题引发的交通、环境、社会公平等方面的矛盾也日渐突出,其空间布局成为城市空间治理和高质量发展的重要内容。基于乌鲁木齐市六类公共服务设施的POI数据,运用Arc GIS中自然断点法、标准差椭圆和核密度分析法,分析了乌鲁木齐市公共服务设施的空间布局特征。结果表明:1)区域分布不均衡,公共服务设施向主城区聚集;2)各类公共服务设施布局的形态各异,布局方向也有所不同;3)各类公共服务设施聚集中心数量存在差异,但整体的聚类特征相同,都存在明显的中心边缘结构特征。

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,the contradictions in transportation,environment,and social equity caused by the spatial layout of urban public service facilities have become increasingly prominent,and their spatial layout has become an important content of urban spatial governance and high-quality development.Based on the POI data of 6 types of public service facilities in Urumqi,using the natural breakpoint method,standard deviation ellipse and kernel density analysis method in Arc GIS,the spatial layout characteristics of public service facilities in Urumqi are analyzed.The results show that the regional distribution is uneven,and public service facilities gather in the main urban area.The layout of various types of public service facilities is different,and the layout direction is also different.There are differences in the number of gathering centers of various public service facilifies,but the overall clustering characteristics are the same,and there are obvious central edge structural characteristics.