东川煤矿隐蔽致灾因素探查及防治

Exploration and prevention of hidden disaster causing factors in Dongchuan Coal Mine

为了查明陕北矿区东川煤矿隐蔽致灾因素,采用低空遥感、地面地质调查、热红外、物探、钻探、采样测试等综合技术手段,查明了煤矿存在采空区积水,废弃井筒导水、漏风,煤层自然发火,采空区大面积悬顶,坚硬顶板、过沟开采等煤矿迫切需要解决的隐蔽致灾因素。在此基础上,提出了抽水、回填、防渗,定向钻孔帷幕注浆治理水害;井筒注浆封堵、裂缝回填全面封堵漏风通道,密闭墙隔离、监测、开采诱导垮落处理大面积悬顶,短钻孔水力压裂初采初放、定向长钻孔分段水力压裂实现坚硬顶板超前弱化治理的综合探查防治措施。研究成果可以为煤矿隐蔽致灾因素工程治理提供依据,并为相邻矿井或具有相似地质条件矿井隐蔽致灾因素排查、普查、工程治理提供参考。

In order to find out the hidden disaster causing factors of Dongchuan Coal Mine in Northern Shaanxi mining area,by using the comprehensive technical means such as low altitude remote sensing,ground geological survey,thermal infrared,geophysical exploration,drilling and sampling test,the hidden disaster causing factors which need to be solved urgently in coal mine,such as water accumulation in the goaf,water diversion and air leakage in the abandoned shaft,coal spontaneous combustion,large-area suspended roof in the goaf,hard roof and cross ditch mining are found.On this basis,the comprehensive exploration and prevention measures are proposed,such as controlling water damage by water pumping,backfilling,anti-seepage,and directional drilling curtain grouting,preventing air leakage by shaft grouting and crack backfilling,dealing with large-area suspended roof by isolation,monitoring and induced collapse,and weakening hard roof by hydraulic fracturing with short borehole and directional long borehole.The research results can give basis for the engineering treatment of hidden disaster causing factors in coal mine,and provide reference for the investigation,general survey and engineering treatment of hidden disaster causing factors in adjacent mines or mines with similar geological conditions.