“脱贫攻坚”下的减贫弹性:测度方法与区域比较

Poverty Reduction Elasticity during the Period of“Poverty Alleviation”:Measurement Methods and Regional Comparison

基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,从经济增长和缓解收入不平等两个角度测度和比较中国不同地区脱贫攻坚期间的减贫弹性,并研究中国的脱贫攻坚取得惊人成就的原因。本文利用空间杜宾模型测度了中国经济增长对减贫的动态效应和不同省份调节不平等性的空间溢出效应,并比较了不同省域经济增长和收入分配的减贫弹性。结论表明:中国脱贫攻坚期间的减贫成就得益于“先富带动后富”的统筹经济发展策略;东部地区的经济发展水平相对较高,经济增长和收入不平等改善的减贫弹性低,其减贫成就主要依赖于经济增长的促进作用,而西部地区的减贫成就则主要依赖于收入不平等程度的降低。

Based on the CFPS data,this paper measured and compared the elasticity of poverty reduction in different regions of China from the perspectives of economic growth and alleviating income inequality,and tried to answer why China's poverty alleviation had made remarkable achievements.This paper used the spatial Durbin model to measure the dynamic effect of China's economic growth on poverty reduction and the spatial spillover effect of different provinces in adjusting inequality,and then compared the poverty reduction elasticity of economic growth and income distribution in different provinces.The results showed that,China’s poverty reduction achievements benefited from the overall economic development strategy of"getting rich first and then driving rich later".Eastern regions had a higher level of economic development and a lower level of poverty reduction elasticity,so the poverty reduction achievements there mainly depended on the promoting effect of economic growth.However,the achievements of poverty reduction in western regions mainly depended on the reduction of income inequality.