早年不幸经历与个体健康:即期冲击与长臂效应

Childhood Misfortunes and Individual Health:Immediate Impact&Long Arm Effect

本文基于生命历程与关键时期分析框架,采用2014年、2015年CHARLS数据,考察早年不幸经历对个体童年健康的即期冲击和成年健康的长臂效应。研究发现:(1)童年时期经历饥饿、家庭贫困、亲子疏远、遭受与目睹暴力等,均会直接损害其健康成长,且遭受饥饿、亲子疏远以及遭受暴力三种不幸经历更具有致命性影响;(2)父辈挫折虽没有显著的即期冲击但却具有长臂效应,而挨饿受困和暴力环境对健康造成负面即期冲击兼有长臂效应;(3)精神状态是最主要的中介,早年遭受饥饿、亲子关系疏远以及目睹暴力等不幸经历,有超过50%的效应附着于精神压力转嫁至晚年健康。

Based on the analysis framework based on life course and critical period,this paper used the CHARLS data in 2014 and 2015,and investigated the immediate impact of childhood misfortunes on individual childhood health,as well as the long arm effect on adult health.The study had conclusions as follows.Firstly,childhood misfortunes had directly impaired their healthy growth.Besides,starvation,distant parent-child relationship and suffering violence all had fatal impact.Secondly,parents'frustration had long arm effect,but not significant immediate impact.However,starvation and violent environment had both negative immediate effect and long arm effect.Finally,metal state was the main intermediary.The misfortunes,like starvation,distant parent-child relationship and suffering violence,had passed more than 50%negative effect on their healthy state in old age though attaching on mental stress.