基于时间着色Petri网的建筑火灾疏散系统建模与仿真

Modeling and simulation of building fire evacuation system based on Time-Colored Petri Net

为缓解建筑火灾疏散时间长且效率低问题,基于时间着色Petri网的理论,针对某建筑的结构特点进行建模并进行性能分析。通过算法计算与分析,合理规划不同类型人员的不同疏散通道选择,并对模型进行时间模拟仿真,提高建筑内人员疏散效率。提出带有建筑火灾疏散因素的管理疏散方法,增加相关的颜色集和时间戳,并在原模型中融入算法计算,模拟火灾疏散时间,并提出不同类别人员疏散引导的方案。达到疏散用时更短、效率更高、伤亡率更低的目标。实验结果表明,相比于其他模型,融入管理疏散算法的时间着色Petri网模型,人员平均疏散时间降低6.9 s,具有较高疏散效率。

In order to alleviate the problem of long evacuation time and low efficiency of building fire,based on the theory of Time-Colored Petri Net,modeling and performance analysis for the structural characteristics of a building was carried out.Through the calculation and analysis of the algorithm,the selec-tion of different evacuation channels for different types of peo-ple was planned reasonably,and the time simulation of the mod-el was carried out to improve the evacuation efficiency of peo-ple in the building.This paper proposes a management evacua-tion method with building fire evacuation factors,adds relevant color sets and time stamps,integrates algorithm calculation into the original model,simulates the fire evacuation time,and puts forward evacuation guidance schemes for different categories of people.The evacuation time is shorter,the efficiency is high-er and the casualty rate is lower.The experimental results showed that compared with other models,the Time-Colored Pe-tri Net model incorporating the management evacuation algo-rithm reduces the average evacuation time by 6.9 s,and the sim-ulation results of this model have higher evacuation efficiency.