通关成本下降对出口贸易的影响——来自区域通关一体化改革的证据

The Impact of the Decline of Customs Clearance Cost on Export:Evidence from the Reform of Regional Customs Clearance Integration

基于区域通关一体化改革降低通关成本视角,本文利用2014~2015年中国率先在一些地区实施区域通关一体化改革的准自然实验,采用双重差分方法分析了区域通关一体化改革对出口贸易的影响。研究发现:区域通关一体化改革显著促进了出口贸易,并且多种检验表明这一结论稳健可靠。影响机制检验发现,区域通关一体化改革通过贸易成本效应和产品时效性偏好机制促进了出口贸易。异质性分析发现,区域通关一体化改革对加工贸易、海洋运输出口的促进作用更为明显。进一步讨论发现,区域通关一体化改革主要通过提高集约边际促进了出口,对扩展边际的影响并不显著。这表明应继续加强一体化的海关治理体系建设,提高通关和贸易便利化水平。

From the perspective of reducing customs clearance cost based on regional customs clearance integration reform,this paper uses the quasi natural experiment that China took the lead in implementing regional customs clearance integration reform in some regions from 2014 to 2015,and uses the difference-in-difference method to analyze the impact of regional customs clearance integration reform on export trade.The results show that:the reform of regional customs clearance integration significantly promotes export trade,and a variety of tests show that this conclusion is very stable and reliable.The mechanism test shows that the reform of regional customs clearance integration promotes export trade through the intermediate channels of"trade cost mechanism"and"product timeliness preference mechanism".Heterogeneity analysis shows that the integration of regional customs clearance has a more obvious effect on processing trade and marine transportation export.Further discussion shows that the reform of regional customs clearance integration promotes exports mainly by increasing the intensive margin,but has no significant impact on the extensive margin.This shows that we should continue to strengthen the construction of integrated customs governance system and improve the level of trade facilitation.