不同温度、烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度对僵蚜羽化率、寄生率和重寄生的影响

Effects of Temperature and Parasitic Density of Aphidius gifuensis on Eclosion rate,Parasitism Rate and Double Parasitism of Mummified Aphid

为明确不同温度、烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度对僵蚜羽化的影响,分别设置5个温度和5个烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度,在云南省弥渡县红花大金元特色烟叶研发基地进行试验.结果表明,在烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度相近时,20℃条件下僵蚜的羽化率最高,羽化率达84.50%;烟蚜茧蜂的死亡率随温度升高而逐渐提高,且重寄生蜂在10~15℃条件下基本不羽化;而在25~30℃条件下,僵蚜的羽化数量虽然较高,但重寄生蜂羽化数量也高达11.25头,表明高温对重寄生蜂的羽化有利.在温度相同的条件下,随着烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度的增大,僵蚜羽化率逐渐降低,当烟蚜茧蜂寄生密度达1.81~2.10头/cm 2时,僵蚜的羽化率显著性降低,羽化率为20.50%.本研究结果可为烟蚜茧蜂僵蚜苗的培养、保存和散放提供科学的技术指导.

In order to clarify the effects of temperature and parasitism density of Aphidius gifuensis(Ashmead)on the emergence of mummified aphids,an experiment was carried out at Hongdajinyuan Specialized Tobacco Leaf Research and Development Base in Midu County of Yunnan,in which 5 temperature treatments and 5 parasitism density treatments of A.gifuensis were made.The results showed that with a similar parasitism density,the eclosion rate of mummified aphids was the highest at 20℃(84.50%).The mortality rate of mummified aphid gradually increased with increasing temperature,and eclosion barely occurred in hyper-parasitoid at 10-15℃.Under the condition of 25-30℃,the emergence number of mummified aphid was the highest,and the emergence number of hyper-parasitoid was as high as 8,suggesting that high temperature promoted the emergence of hyper-parasitoid.Under the same temperature,the eclosion rate of mummified aphids decreased gradually with increasing parasitism density.When the parasitism density reached 1.81-2.10 head/cm 2,the eclosion rate of mummified aphid sharply dropped to 20.50%.