创新的高速路:高铁对制造业创新的影响

Innovative Highway:The Impact of High Speed Rail on Manufacturing Innovation

本文基于新经济地理理论的研究框架,利用2008-2016年中国上市制造业数据,研究高铁开通对制造企业创新的影响。通过构造DID模型来识别高铁开通对制造企业创新影响的因果效应,结果发现,高铁开通显著提升了制造企业创新研发投入和产出,平行趋势检验、PSM-DID检验、剔除省会城市样本以及增加控制变量的稳健性检验均表明估计结果是稳健的。高铁开通具有可达性和高效性等特点,主要通过集聚效应、规模效应和要素配置效应三个渠道对制造企业创新产生影响。进一步的拓展研究发现,高铁开通对制造企业创新的影响存在区域和所有制差异。

Based on the new economic geography theory framework, this paper uses the data of China’s listed manufacturing industries from 2008 to 2016 to study the impact of high-speed rail opening on manufacturing enterprise innovation. By constructing a DID model to identify the causal effect of high-speed rail opening on manufacturing enterprise innovation, this paper finds that high-speed rail opening can significantly increase the innovation research and development input and the output of manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, the parallel trend test, PSM-DID test, and the robustness test of eliminating provincial capital cities or adding additional control variables all show that the estimation results are robust. The opening of the high-speed rail has the characteristics of accessibility and efficiency. It mainly affects the innovation of manufacturing enterprises through the channels of agglomeration effect, scale effect, and factor allocation effect. Further research shows that there are regional and ownership differences in the impact of high-speed rail on manufacturing enterprise innovation.