Making FAIR Easy with FAIR Tools:From Creolization to Convergence

Since their publication in 2016 we have seen a rapid adoption of the FAIR principles in many scientific disciplines where the inherent value of research data and,therefore,the importance of good data management and data stewardship,is recognized.This has led to many communities asking“What is FAIR?”and“How FAIR are we currently?”,questions which were addressed respectively by a publication revisiting the principles and the emergence of FAIR metrics.However,early adopters of the FAIR principles have already run into the next question:“How can we become(more)FAIR?”This question is more difficult to answer,as the principles do not prescribe any specific standard or implementation.Moreover,there does not yet exist a mature ecosystem of tools,platforms and standards to support human and machine agents to manage,produce,publish and consume FAIR data in a user-friendly and efficient(i.e.,“easy”)way.In this paper we will show,however,that there are already many emerging examples of FAIR tools under development.This paper puts forward the position that we are likely already in a creolization phase where FAIR tools and technologies are merging and combining,before converging in a subsequent phase to solutions that make FAIR feasible in daily practice.