复杂结构装配质量检测与缺陷识别的频响特性方法研究

Study on the Method of Frequency Response Characteristics for Assembly Quality Detection and Defect Identification of Complex Structures

复杂结构由于其连接子结构种类繁多、连接关系复杂,特别是经过一段时间的工作,连接件出现松动和变位,导致其装配质量劣化。对此,提出一种基于频响特性分析方法,探索其在复杂结构装配质量检测和缺陷识别中的应用。通过对主要机构转换环节布置冲击激励和振动响应传感器,采用便携式采集分析系统同步采集冲击激励、振动响应信号,信号经相干修正预处理后,建立激励和各响应信号的频响函数关系模型。通过差异比较法,分析正常工况和待检复杂结构的频响函数特征参数,研究结构的装配质量问题。经对某综合传动装置及某供输弹机构实验结果分析表明,该方法能有效对复杂结构装配缺陷进行检测。

Due to the variety of connection substructures and complex connection relations of complex structures,especially after a period of operational time,connectors may loosen and be displaced,which leads to the deterioration of assembly quality.In this paper,an analysis method based on frequency response characteristics is proposed to explore its application on assembly quality inspection and defect identification of complex structures.Through the arrangement of shock excitation and vibration response sensors in the main mechanism conversion link,a portable acquisition and analysis system was used to collect shock excitation and vibration response signals synchronously.After the coherent correction and preprocessing of the signals,the frequency response function relationship model of the excitation and each response signal wasestablished.Throughthe difference comparison method,the characteristic parameters of the frequency response function of a complex structure under normal wor-king conditions and to be checked were analyzed,and the assembly quality problems of the structure werestudied.The experimental results of a comprehensive transmission device and an ammunition feed and ramming mechanism show that the proposed method can effectively detect assembly defects of complex structures.