大果沙棘不同品种、不同部位油脂的提取及元素分析

Extraction and element analysis of oil from different varieties and parts of Hippophae rhamnoides

目的对比分析大果沙棘不同品种、不同部位沙棘油的含量及油中元素含量。方法以5个大果沙棘品种为原料,溶剂法提取沙棘果实和种籽的油,对比不同提取部位沙棘油含量,通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对不同品种沙棘油中的元素进行分析。结果果油含量大于籽油,其中深秋红果油含量最高,平均值达30.69%,向阳籽油含量最高,平均值达15.52%,除乌兰沙林外,其他4个品种大果沙棘总含油量均在43%-45%之间,属同一水平;沙棘油中富含人体所需的K、Na、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn和Cu元素,未检出Pb、Cd、Ni污染元素,不同品种沙棘油中各元素含量存在一定差异,但籽油各元素含量均高于果油。结论本研究所选品种沙棘果的沙棘油中富含人体所需的矿物质元素,且Ca元素含量高,污染元素含量低,是一种具有较高营养价值和安全性的植物油脂,极具开发潜力。

Objective To compare the content of oil and element in different varieties and different parts of sea-buckthorn species. Methods Five varieties of large-fruited sea-buckthorn were used as the testing materials, extraction oil from the fruits and seeds of sea-buckthorn by solvent method, the oil content was compared in different extraction parts of sea-buckthorn, and the elements content of sea-buckthorn oil in different parts was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Results The content of fruit oil was higher than that of seed oil, among which the content of Deep Autumn Red sea-buckthorn oil was the highest, with an average value of 30.69%, and that of Xiangyang sea-buckthorn seed oil was the highest, with an average value of 15.52%. Except for Wulanshalin, the total oil content of the other 4 varieties of sea-buckthorn was in the same level of 43%-45%. Sea-buckthorn oil was rich in K, Na, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu elements needed by human body, and no pollution elements such as Pb, Cd, Ni were detected. There were some differences in element content of sea-buckthorn oil among different sea-buckthorn varieties, but the content of each element in seed oil was higher than that in fruit oil. Conclusion Sea-buckthorn oil from the varieties of seabuckthorn fruit selected in this study is rich in mineral elements needed by human body, with high content of Ca element and low content of polluting elements, sea-buckthorn oil is a kind of plant oil with high nutritional value and safety, and has great development potential.