从词语类型分布谈预科通用汉语和专业汉语的衔接问题--以经贸专业汉语为例

The connection between CGP and CSP based on word types:A case study of Business Chinese

本文从词汇角度切入,以词汇大纲和经贸专业汉语教材为依托,探讨来华留学生预科阶段通用汉语和专业汉语的衔接问题。文章首先确定了预科阶段的通用汉语词汇和专业汉语词汇,然后分别考察了通用和专业汉语词语在词汇等级和专业汉语教材中的分布。研究发现,通用汉语词汇集中分布于HSK一至四级之间,专业汉语词汇多为HSK五级及以上的词语;通用汉语词汇覆盖66%的专业汉语文本,专业汉语词汇的生词密度达到27%。最后,文章从教学阶段、教学材料和教学原则三方面出发,为如何更好地衔接通用、专业汉语教学提出了一些建议,从而为来华留学预科生的通用、专业汉语词汇教学提供参考。

From the perspective of vocabulary,this paper discusses the connection between Chinese for General Purpose(CGP)and Chinese for Specific Purpose(CSP)for the international preparatory undergraduates in China in the light of vocabulary syllabus and Business Chinese textbooks.This paper identifies two kinds of vocabulary in preparatory course,i.e.,Chinese general words and Chinese specialized words,and then surveys their distribution in terms of the vocabulary level and GSP textbooks.It is found that Chinese general words are mainly distributed between HSK Level 1 and Level 4,while Chinese specialized words are mostly in HSK Level 5 and the above.Chinese general words cover 66% of the texts,and the new word density of Chinese specialized words reaches 27%.Finally,the paper puts forward suggestions on how to connect CGP and CSP in a better way with respect to the stage of teaching,teaching materials and teaching principles.